Allogeneic stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia

Haema 2016; 7(2): 224-229

by Maria Bouzani

Hematologist, General Hospital «Evangelismos», Athens, Greece

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Abstract

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HsCT) is the only therapeutic option with curative potential for patients suffering from myelodysplastic syndromes. The increasing use of reduced intensity regimens and alternative donors enable more patients to benefit from this treatment. The outcome of HsCT is mainly determined by the biology and the stage of the disease. Based on these factors, 20% to 75% of patients will achieve long-term survival. Relapse remains a major factor reducing survival. Timing of transplantation and the ideal conditioning regimen are still under discussion. Finally, the role of new therapeutic agents, e.g. hypomethylating agents, for HsCT candidates is still uncertain.